MAJOR LESSON LEARNED FROM PRELIMS to FINALS.

        In our first meeting in prelims we talked about the introduction to philosophy, branches of philosophy and also the meaning of Philosophy and Science and also we talked about what the importance of being as a human person. 
Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems such as those connected to the reality. "Philo" means love and "sofia means wisdom.

          In the midterms we also talked about what is the meaning of man as a person, included what is the meaning of being a Critical thinker. Be an open minded and also be an critical thinker, we also face the reality that happens in our daily life. Man is an individual specified character.Man is a living person. Man is really the perfect  creature in the world. Man is composed of body and souls, which its command the completeness as individual in nature.

         In Finals we talked about the kinds of fallacy, formal and other material forms in logic, what the meaning of ethics,approaches the study about ethics, we also talked about the morality is and also the legal and political rights what should be every person or people are included and the last we talked about bioethics, what are the kinds of arguments and principles against cheating, lying and breaking promises, works of ethics and duties of workers and also about the kinds of Article and by section. All of that topics are explained clearly and understandable. Fallacy define as art which directs the act of reason, by which are a man may proceed in the act of reason in an orderly manner, with ease and without error.  All of us in the first place we don't understand each of that topic but after we discuss of each of that topic we clear our minds in somewhat the problems in the reality. We always ask or understand first or we always think first before say anything, sometimes if we really didn't think what we our say is sometimes there are the causes of some problems. Like what I've been said before be an open minded, be an optimistic person or people and also be an critical thinker! :)

LOGICAL FALLACY

                 Logical fallacy is somewhat we can call formal and material object in logic. Informal fallacy it is an error in reasoning that does not originate in improper logical form. Arguments is also commits an informal fallacy it may be formally valid but it is a fallacious. An error that stems from a poor logical form is sometimes we called formal fallacy or simply it is an invalid argument. There are some kinds of fallacy the sometimes many of us commits that kinds of fallacy. These are some kinds of material fallacy like Fallacy of accident or sweeping generalization, Hasty generalization, or converse fallacy of accident, Irrelevant conclusion, Affirming the consequent and denying the antecedent, Begging the question, Fallacy of false cause and the other. In Irrelevant Conclusion there are some special cases included in that fallacy are appeal to authority, appeal to pity, purely personal considerations. Logical fallacy is somewhat the various kinds of mistakes to which the human intellect is prone.

          Human as a person is a being, such as a human, that has certain capacities or attributes constituting personhood, which in turn is defined differently by different authors in different disciplines, and by different cultures in different times and places. Personhood is the status of being a person and according to law, only a natural person or legal personality has rights, protections, privileges, responsibilities, and legal liability. Every person has a unique identities. As a human we should try to be an relational being, be an openminded, or be open to himself and to others. Man also possesses dignity and rights, which is related to goodness excellence and perfection. Like what Martin Buber said that "To be a Human being is to be a fellow human being".

D. Moral Lesson Learned

        The moral lesson learned that, we should always be open for what ever situations happens in our life, we should accept of what happens in our reality. We should use our knowledge for deciding some things of what we ever wanted. Be an critical thinker, and stimulate to engage in our reality.

C. SCIENCE AND PHILOSOPHY

            Science is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe. "science" more often refers to a way of pursuing knowledge, not only the knowledge itself. It is "often treated as synonymous with 'natural and physical science', and thus restricted to those branches of study that relate to the phenomena of the material universe and their laws, sometimes with implied exclusion of pure mathematics. While the Philosophy is the study or it is about of general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with reality, existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language.Philosophy is distinguished from other ways of addressing such problems by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on rational argument. 

             PHILOSOPHY IS NOT A SCIENCE because In ethics it says that, Science cannot necessarily tell us what to value. Science has made significant progress in helping to understand human nature. Such research, if accurate, provides very real constraints to philosophical constructs on the nature of the good. Still, evidence of how most people happen to be does not necessarily tell us everything about how we should aspire to be. For how we should aspire to be is a conceptual question, namely, of how we ought to act, as opposed to an empirical question of how we do act. 

B. MY IDEAL PHILOSOPHER

             Archimedes, because he is generally considered to be the greatest mathematician of antiquity and one of the greatest of all time. Archimedes he's greatest idea was the first to introduce infinitesimals, and the foundation of calculus. He described the first infinite geometric progression, computed the area and volume of the sphere and the area of parabola segments, invented a positional numeral system, created the fields of statics and hydro statics discovered the laws of the lever, buoyancy, fluid Equilibria, density, the center of gravity.The name Archimedes is connected to a pumping device now known as a Archimedes Screw, which he may have seen in operation in Egypt. He described the principles behind the pulley, fulcrum and lever.

Philosophical and ETHICS

            Philosophy is about to study the the general and fundamental aspects, thus it connected to reality, existence, knowledge, value, reason, mind and language of a human person. It is distinguished from the other ways of addressing such a problems, by it's critical, general systematic approach and its reliance on rational arguments. While Ethics is also known as a moral philosophy and it is also a branch of philosophy that involves the systematizing, defending and recommending concepts of a right or wrong conduct.

A. Into to Philosophy and Ethics

           As a student the discipline of philosophy contributes in an indispensable way to the realization of goals that should be fundamental to any institution of higher learning, instilling habits of critical thinking in students, to enhance their reading, writing and public speaking skills, to transmit cultural heritages to them, to stimulate them to engage fundamental questions about reality, knowledge, and value. While as a human being it is a requirement for human life. It is our means of deciding a course of action. Without it, our actions would be random and aimless. There would be no way to work towards a goal because there would be no way to pick between a limitless number of goals. Even with an ethical standard, we may be unable to pursue our goals with the possibility of success. To the degree which a rational ethical standard is taken, we are able to correctly organize our goals and actions to accomplish our most important values. 

SOCRATES: "I'am the wisest man alive, for I know one thing, and that is that I know nothing".

 

I agree of this line of what Socrates says "I'am the wisest man alive, for I know one thing, and that is that I know nothing". It says that we should expand our knowledge but we should increases the horizon of ignorance. " I know nothing" means we should so conceited as to believe, that our perception is the reality and "I know nothing" means should admit of what we are guessing,we remain teachable.